A Battery Management System (BMS) is an electronic device that controls the operation of rechargeable battery technology, such as balancing the cells in the battery pack, preventing it from operating outside the Safe Operating Area (SOA), estimating State of Health (SOH) and State of Charge (SOC), control protection circuit and battery capacity, thereby improving energy usage efficiency and extending battery life. In electrical protection circuits, the electrical regulation of the batteries comprises of protective circuits based on low and high voltage. These circuits just manage current and voltage and serve as a protective device.

The BMS provides the Energy Management Unit (EMU) with an accurate estimate of the battery’s state and manages the battery’s operation to make it more efficient, safe, and to maximize its life. EMU is used in electric vehicles to reduce the cost of storage, energy generation, plant maintenance, distribution, and operations while boosting the performance and durability of battery storage systems. Only when the BMS provides correct Remaining Usable Life (RUL), round-trip efficiency, and battery SOC can EMU deliver reliable statistics. The electrical regulation of the batteries comprises of protective circuits based on low and high voltage. Instead of a BMS, these circuits just manage current and voltage and serve as a protective device. As a result, an accurate and efficient BMS that can predict RUL, SOC, and SOH is required to improve battery safety and performance